Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zama-bearings atholakalayo namuhla anolwazi oluncane kakhulu ngomehluko phakathi kwawo.Mhlawumbe uke wazibuza ukuthi “ikuphi ukuhambisana okuzoba ngcono kakhulu esicelweni sakho?”Noma "ngingakhetha kanjani i-bearing?"Lesi sihloko sizokusiza uphendule leyo mibuzo.
Okokuqala, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ama-bearings amaningi anento egoqayo awela emaqenjini amabili abanzi:
Amabhola amabhola
Ama-roller bearings
Ngaphakathi kwalawa maqembu, kukhona izigaba ezingaphansi zamabheringi anezici ezihlukile noma imiklamo ethuthukisiwe yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza.
Kulesi sihloko, sizofaka izinto ezine okudingeka uzazi mayelana nohlelo lwakho lokusebenza ukuze ukhethe uhlobo olufanele lokuthwala.
Thola Umthwalo Wokuthwala Nomthwalo Wokuthwala
Ukuthwala imithwalo ngokuvamile kuchazwa ngokuthi amandla okusabela abeka ingxenye kubheyili lapho isetshenziswa.
Lapho ukhetha i-bearing elungile yohlelo lwakho lokusebenza, kufanele uqale uthole umthamo womthwalo wokuthwala.Umthamo womthwalo inani lomthwalo ongawubamba futhi ungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu lapho ukhetha i-bearing.
Ukuthwala imithwalo kungaba yi-axial (thrust), i-radial noma inhlanganisela.
I-axial (noma i-thrust) ethwele umthwalo yilapho amandla ehambisana ne-eksisi ye-shaft.
Umthwalo othwala i-radial yilapho amandla e-perpendicular ku-shaft.Khona-ke inhlanganisela yokuthwala umthwalo yilapho amandla ahambisanayo kanye ne-perpendicular ekhiqiza amandla angama-angular ahlobene ne-shaft.
Indlela Ama-Ball Bearings Ayisakaza Ngayo Imithwalo
Ama-ball bearings aklanywe ngamabhola ayindilinga futhi angasabalalisa imithwalo endaweni enosayizi omaphakathi.Zivame ukusebenza kangcono emithwalweni enosayizi omncane ukuya komaphakathi, zisakaza imithwalo ngendawo eyodwa yokuxhumana.
Ngezansi ireferensi esheshayo yohlobo lomthwalo wokuthwala kanye nebhola eliphethe kahle kakhulu lomsebenzi:
I-Radial (i-perpendicular to shaft) kanye nemithwalo elula: Khetha ama-radial ball bearings (owaziwa nangokuthi ama-deep groove ball bearings).Ama-Radial bearings angenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zama-bearings emakethe.
I-Axial (i-thrust) (ihambisana ne-shaft) imithwalo: Khetha ama-thrust ball bearings
Kuhlanganiswe, kokubili i-radial ne-axial, imithwalo: Khetha i-angular contact bear.Amabhola athinta umgwaqo womjaho nge-engeli esekela kangcono imithwalo ehlanganisiwe.
Ama-Roller Bearings & Bearing Load
Ama-roller bearings aklanywe ngama-cylindrical rollers akwazi ukusabalalisa imithwalo endaweni enkulu kunama-ball bearings.Bavame ukusebenza kangcono izicelo zomthwalo osindayo.
Ngezansi ireferensi esheshayo yohlobo lwe-bearing load kanye ne-roller engcono kakhulu yomsebenzi:
Imithwalo ye-Radial (perpendicular to the shaft): Khetha ama-roller bearings avamile angama-cylindrical
Imithwalo ye-axial (i-thrust) (ehambisana ne-shaft): Khetha ama-cylindrical thrust bearings
Kuhlanganiswe, kokubili i-radial ne-axial, imithwalo: Khetha i-taper roller bear
Isivinini sokujikeleza
Isivinini sokujikeleza sohlelo lwakho lokusebenza yisici esilandelayo okufanele usibheke lapho ukhetha i-bearing.
Uma uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza luzosebenza ngesivinini esikhulu sokuzungeza, khona-ke ama-ball bearings ngokuvamile yiwona okhethwayo.Zenza kangcono ngesivinini esiphezulu futhi zinikeza ibanga lejubane eliphakeme kunama-roller bearings.
Esinye sezizathu ukuthi ukuxhumana phakathi kwento eginqikayo kanye nemigwaqo yomjaho endaweni ephethe ibhola kuyiphuzu esikhundleni somugqa wokuxhumana, njengama-roller bearings.Ngenxa yokuthi ama-elementi aginqikayo acindezela emgwaqeni womjaho njengoba egingqika ngaphezulu, kuncane kakhulu ukuwohloka kwendawo okwenzeka emithwalweni yamaphuzu evela kuma-ball bearings.
I-Centrifugal Force kanye nama-Bearings
Esinye isizathu esenza ukuba ibhola libe ngcono ekusebenzeni kwejubane eliphezulu kungenxa yamandla amaphakathi.Amandla e-Centrifugal achazwa njengamandla aphushela ngaphandle emzimbeni azungeza isikhungo futhi avele ekuzingeleni komzimba.
I-Centrifugal force iyisici esinqunyelwe esikhulu ekuthwaleni isivinini ngoba iphenduka imithwalo ye-radial ne-axial ku-bearing.Njengoba ama-roller bearings anesisindo esiningi kune-ball bear, i-roller bear izokhiqiza amandla aphezulu e-centrifugal kunebhola eliphethe usayizi ofanayo.
Yehlisa I-Centrifugal Force nge-Ceramic Balls Material
Kwesinye isikhathi isivinini sohlelo lokusebenza singaphezu kwesilinganiso sesivinini se-ball bear.
Uma lokhu kwenzeka, isisombululo esilula futhi esivamile ukushintsha izinto ezithwala ibhola kusuka ensimbi kuya ku-ceramic.Lokhu kugcina usayizi wokuthwala ufana kodwa kunikeza isilinganiso sesivinini esicishe sibe ngu-25%.Njengoba impahla ye-ceramic ilula kunensimbi, amabhola e-ceramic akhiqiza amandla amancane we-centrifugal nganoma yisiphi isivinini esinikeziwe.
Izicelo Zesivinini Esikhulu Zisebenza Kahle Nge-Angular Contact Bearings
Ama-angular contact bearings ayindlela engcono kakhulu yokukhetha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinesivinini esikhulu.Esinye sezizathu ukuthi amabhola mancane futhi amabhola amancane anesisindo esingaphansi futhi akhiqiza amandla amancane e-centrifugal lapho ephenduka.Ama-angular contact bearings nawo anomthwalo owakhelwe ngaphakathi kuma-bearings okusebenza namandla aphakathi nendawo ukugingqa kahle amabhola kubheringi.
Uma uklama uhlelo lokusebenza olunesivinini esikhulu, uzofuna ukunemba okuphezulu, ngokuvamile ngaphakathi kwekilasi lokunemba le-ABEC 7.
I-bearing enemba ephansi ine-dimensional “yegumbi lokunyakazisa” uma ikhiqizwa kunokunemba okuphezulu.Ngakho-ke, lapho i-bearing isetshenziswa ngesivinini esikhulu, amabhola agijima ngokushesha phezu komgwaqo othwele ngokuthembeka okuncane okungaholela ekuhlulekeni kokuthwala.
Ama-bearings anemba aphezulu akhiqizwa ngezindinganiso eziqinile futhi anokuphambuka okuncane kakhulu kuma-specs lapho akhiqizwa.Ama-bearings anemba aphezulu athembekile ezinhlelweni ezihamba ngokushesha ngoba aqinisekisa ukusebenzisana okuhle kwebhola nomjaho.
I-Bearing Runout & Rigidity
Ukukhipha ukugijima inani le-shaft elizungezayo lisuka enkabeni yalo yejometri njengoba lizungeza.Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, njengama-spindle amathuluzi okusika, zizovumela kuphela ukuchezuka okuncane ezingxenyeni zayo ezijikelezayo.
Uma ubunjiniyela uhlelo lokusebenza olufana nalolu, bese ukhetha ukunemba okuphezulu ngoba kuzokhiqiza ama-runoouts esistimu amancane ngenxa yokubekezelelana okuqinile okukhiqizwe kukho.
Ukuthwala ukuqina ukumelana namandla okwenza i-shaft iphambuke eksisi yayo futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekunciphiseni ukuphuma kwe-shaft.Ukuthwala ukuqina kuvela ekusebenzelaneni kwento eginqikayo nomgwaqo womjaho.Lapho into eginqikayo icindezelwa emgwaqeni womjaho, okubangela ukuwohloka okunwebekayo, kuyanda ukuqina.
I-Bearing rigidity ngokuvamile ihlukaniswa ngokuthi:
Ukuqina kwe-axial
Ukuqina kwe-radial
Ukuphakama kokuqina kokuthwala, amandla engeziwe adingekayo ukuhambisa shaft uma isetshenziswa.
Ake sibheke ukuthi lokhu kusebenza kanjani ngokunemba kwama-angular contact bearings.Lawa ma-bearings ngokuvamile afika ne-offset eyenziwe phakathi komgwaqo ongaphakathi nongaphandle.Lapho kufakwa ama-angular contact bearings, i-offset iyasuswa okubangela ukuthi amabhola acindezele emgwaqeni womjaho ngaphandle kwamandla okusebenza angaphandle.Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukulayisha kuqala futhi inqubo ikhulisa ukuthwala ukuqina nangaphambi kokuba i-bearing ibone noma yimaphi amandla ohlelo lokusebenza.
I-Bearing Lubrication
Ukwazi izidingo zakho zokufaka amafutha kubalulekile ekukhetheni ama-bearings afanele futhi kudinga ukucatshangelwa kusenesikhathi ekwakhiweni kwesicelo.Ukugcotshwa okungafanele kungenye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokwehluleka ukuthwala.
Ukugcotshwa kudala ifilimu kawoyela phakathi kwento eginqikayo kanye nomgwaqo othwalayo osiza ukuvimbela ukungqubuzana nokushisa ngokweqile.
Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokugcotshwa ngamafutha, aqukethe amafutha ane-agent eqinisayo.I-ejenti yokuqina igcina amafutha endaweni, ngakho ngeke ashiye ukuthwala.Njengoba ibhola (elithwele ibhola) noma i-roller (elithwele i-roller) ligingqika phezu kwamafutha, i-ejenti ejiyayo ihlukanisa kusale ifilimu yamafutha phakathi kwento eginqikayo kanye nomgwaqo othwalayo.Ngemuva kokuthi i-element rolling idlule, i-oyili ne-ejenti yokuqina iyahlangana futhi.
Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zejubane eliphezulu, ukwazi isivinini lapho uwoyela ne-thickener kungahlukana khona futhi kuhlanganiswe kabusha kubalulekile.Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lokusebenza noma inani elingu-n*dm.
Ngaphambi kokukhetha igrisi, udinga ukuthola inani lezinhlelo zakho zokusebenza ndm.Ukuze wenze lokhu phindaphinda izinhlelo zakho zokusebenza ama-RPM ngobubanzi bendawo ephakathi kwamabhola kubheringi (dm).Qhathanisa inani lakho le-ndm nenani lejubane eliphezulu legrisi, elitholakala kumininingwane.
Uma inani lakho le-n*dm lingaphezulu kwenani lesivinini esikhulu samafutha kudathabhethi, igrisi ngeke ikwazi ukukunikeza ukuthambisa okwanele futhi kuzokwenzeka ukwehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Enye inketho yokugcobisa yezinhlelo zejubane eliphezulu izinhlelo zenkungu kawoyela exuba uwoyela nomoya ocindezelwe bese iwujova emgwaqeni othwala impahla ngezikhathi ezilinganisiwe.Lolu khetho lubiza kakhulu kunokugcoba ugrisi ngoba ludinga uhlelo lokuhlanganisa lwangaphandle kanye nokulinganisa kanye nomoya ocindezelweyo ohlungiwe.Kodwa-ke, izinhlelo zenkungu kawoyela zivumela ama-bearings ukuthi asebenze ngesivinini esiphezulu kuyilapho ekhiqiza ukushisa okuphansi kunamabheringi agcotshisiwe.
Ngezicelo zejubane eliphansi ukugeza kwamafutha kuvamile.Ukugeza ngamafutha yilapho ingxenye ye-bearing icwiliswa emafutheni.Kumabheringi azosebenza ezindaweni ezeqisayo, okokugcoba okomile kungasetshenziswa esikhundleni sesigcobo esisekelwe ku-petroleum, kodwa ubude besikhathi sokuthwala ngokuvamile bufinyezwa ngenxa yemvelo yefilimu yesigcobo esiphuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Kukhona ezinye izici ezimbalwa okudingeka zibhekwe lapho ukhetha okokugcoba okufaka isicelo sakho, bheka isihloko sethu esijulile esithi “Konke Odinga Ukukwazi Ngokuthwala I-Lubrication.
Isifinyezo: Indlela Yokukhetha I-Bearing
Ungakhetha kanjani i-bearing efanele yesicelo sakho:
Thola Umthwalo Wokuthwala Nomthwalo Wokuthwala
Okokuqala, yazi uhlobo kanye nenani lokuthwala uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza oluzolubeka ku-bearing.Imithwalo enosayizi omncane ukuya-omaphakathi ivamise ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ngama-ball bearings.Izinhlelo zokusebenza zomthwalo osindayo ngokuvamile zisebenza kangcono ngama-roller bearings.
Yazi isivinini sokuzungeza sohlelo lwakho lokusebenza
Nquma isivinini sokujikeleza sohlelo lwakho lokusebenza.Isivinini esikhulu (i-RPM) sivamise ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ngama-ball bearings kanye nesivinini esiphansi ngokuvamile sisebenza kahle kakhulu ngama-roller bears.
I-Factor in Bearing Runout & Rigidity
Futhi ufuna ukunquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokuphuma kwesicelo sakho oluzoluvumela.Uma uhlelo lokusebenza luvumela kuphela ukuchezuka okuncane ukuthi kwenzeke, khona-ke ukutholakala kwebhola cishe kuyisinqumo sakho esingcono kakhulu.
Thola I-Lubrication Elungile Yezidingo Zakho Ze-Bearings
Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinesivinini esikhulu, bala inani lakho elingu-n*dm, futhi uma lingaphezulu kwesivinini esikhulu samafutha, khona-ke igrisi ngeke ikwazi ukukunikeza ukuthambisa okwanele.Kukhona ezinye izinketho ezifana ne-oil misting.Ngezicelo zejubane eliphansi, ukugeza kwamafutha kuyisinqumo esihle.
Imibuzo?Onjiniyela bethu abasendaweni bangathanda ukuhamba nawe futhi bakusize ukhethe ukufaka okungcono kakhulu kohlelo lwakho lokusebenza.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-16-2022